[EBOOK] IAS RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS, DR. BUI CHI BUU ET AL., IAS (Institute of Agricultural Science for Southern Vietnam)

The Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS) is an institution that performs experimental research projects for development of agricultural scientific technology, propagation of newly developed scientific technology, varieties, farming technology education for Southern Vietnam. In 2007, there were a lot of chance and threat, a turning point for much of the country, when Vietnam became a 150th WTO member. Although several casual disasters as flooding and typhoons, brown plant hopper outbreak with virus disease transmission, bird flu, serious porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus disease (PRRSV), volatile world prices on fuel and fertilizer; agricultural production In the country was remarkably higher than the previous year. It not only ensured food security but was also among the 10 key exports to earn revenue of more than $1 billion.

Total value of agriculture obtained VND 231,282 billion accounting for 20.23% of GDP; production value enhanced 4.6%; total value Increased 3.4%.

Grain food production offered 39.98 million tons, including rice and maize of 35.87 million tons, and 4.1 million tons, respectively. Rice growing areas developed 7.2 million ha, reducing 1 25,000 ha; with Its average yield of 4.98 t/ha. Maize growing areas developed 1.068 million ha (augmented 4%); with average yield of 3.85 t/ha (increasing 4.1%)

Groundnut production obtained 505,000 t, sugar cane: 17.4 million tons, soybean: 275,500 t. Black pepper obtained 90,300 t, cashew nut: 301,900 t, rubber latex: 601,700 t. Fruit tree areas developed 775,500 ha - Increasing 4,100 ha.

Husbandry production accounted for 24% of total agricultural value. Cow composed of 6.73 million heads (increasing 3%), buffalo: 3 million heads (Increasing 2.6%); poultry 226 million birds (Increasing 5.3%); pig: 22.6 million heads (reducing 1.1%). Meat production gained 3.83 million tons (Increasing 12.56%).

Aqua-production augmented 11% as compared to the last year with total production of 4 15 million tons (increasing 11.5%).

Wood production value increased 1% as compared to 2006. Total forest area is currently 12.85 million ha with forest cover percentage of 38.8%.

Total export value In agriculture eorned SI 2.5 billion (increasing 18%) including agricultural products of $8.7 billion, and aqua-products of $3.8 billion. Rice export has earned $1.46 billion, with 4.5 million tons - increasing 1 3 9% of value, reducing 3.1 % of quantity as compared to 2006. Fruit-vegetable export gained $299 million.

Farmer Income in 2006 offered VND 26.1 million / household; today gained VND 29-30 million / household in 2007.

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) has overhauled its policies to boost agricultural productivity, quality and production, and then transform rural Vietnam through a new economic system. This means quicken the transformation of agricultural production by increasing the ratio of industry and services.

For Southern parts of Vietnam (Mekong Delta and South-East regions), agricultural value increased 3.04% including 2.25% for crop production, 6.23% for husbandry, 2.67% for service, 0.8% for forestry. Rice production in Dong Xuan, He Thu, Thu Dong and Monsoon seasons has obtained 9.62million tons, 7.76 million tons, 1.07 million tons, and 2.13 million tons, respectively. The total rice production in 2007 gained 20.6 million tons (augmenting 701,088 t), with growing areas of 4.13 million ha (reducing 77,754 ha), and average yield 4.98 t / ha (increasing 0.26 t /ha). Maize production gained 1.95 million tons (Increased 225,000 T) with growing areas of 741,700 ha. Cassava production areas covered 293,000 ha (increased 8,000 ha). Annual industrial crops covered 431,000 ha (reduced 20,000 ha) except groundnut Increased 1,000 ha, and 2,000 ha for sugarcane. Soybean obtained 1 54,800 T (increased 28.8%); groundnut obtained 368,000 T (3.7%). Looking to perennial industrial crops, coffee areas in commercial production covered 490,000 ha. Its production gained one million tons (increased 100,000 T as compared to the same time of 2006). Its export value was $1.21 billion (63.9% increased) with 832,000 T. Rubber areas covered 516,000 ho ( + 5%). Its latex production obtained 550,000T ( + 8%). Its export value was $547.3 million ( + 5.8%) with 291,000 T. Tea areas covered 120,000 ha. Its production gained 540,000 T (+ 6,000T). Its export value was $ 44 million (+ 0.9%) with 47,000 T (+ 7.4%). Cashew nut areas covered 340,000 ha. Its production gained 260,000 T. Its export value was $ 258 million (+ 1 7.8%). Fruit tree areas covered 780,000 ha. Estimated total production would be 7 million tons In this year. Pig population reduced 384,000 heads due to animal foot and mouth disease and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Cattle increased 4-5% except buffalo reduced 1 -2%. Poultry increased 3-4%.

We have learned In 2007 that looking into the future is risky. Furthermore, In the era of limitless competition with the collapse of trading barrier between countries, IAS must be endeavoring to fully perform its role of progressing among agricultural industrialization, farmer intellectualization and rural civilization as "Three Nongs" vision by MARD (three Nongs including: agriculture, farmer, and rural development).

Seventeen new technologies by IAS have been approved and released in 2007.

We are concentrating on improvement of productivity of agricultural industry and development of environmental-friendly agricultural technology to enable harmonious co-existence of human being and natural ecosystem.

We are endeavoring to establish livestock farming that is well harmonized with environment under tropical conditions, to raise the safety level through stabilized stock and elevation of product quality, to prevent livestock disease in advance through system of continuous quarantine.

We are propagating highly pure and superior seeds such as disease-free tomato seedlings, rice, black pepper, maize, soybean, mungbean, peanut, cassava.

Coping with climate change, IAS deals with studying the effect of climate on crops and animals in Southern parts, especially rice production, with the emphasis on examining increased C02 and temperature impacts. The direct and Indirect consequences for agricultural production have to be assessed to develop strategies and technologies to adapt major crops and animals to changing climate. We need to explore cropmanagement practices that reduce greenhouse gas emission under intensive production, and to prevent from soil degradation and desertification in South-East regions and Central Coastal areas. Others deal with modeling climate change impacts on agricultural production through international cooperation projects, which will be well considered. Because climate change has recently received enormous attention in the media and in policy statements.

MARD actually sees plant breeding and animal breeding at the heart of improvement in agricultural production in Vietnam, the efficiency of adaptive measures can be greatly increased by other efforts, Including molecular marker techniques to speed up the breeding process, geographic analysis of vulnerable regions, site-specific adjustment in crop management as planting dates, water saving. Research Into disease and pest management is crucial for reducing poverty and providing food security in developing countries such as Vietnam. An Important subset of the research is concerned with containment of pests and diseases - otherwise known as bio-securlty.

IAS determines Its function under new situations as a multidisciplinary and specific research institution so that how to integrate between crop science and animal one Into special working groups. Teamwork models are recommended to crucially enhance the IAS's research activities, which meet the demand of agricultural production in South.

The IAS operates as part of MARD's national and International development cooperation programs, with a mission to achieve more productive and sustainable agricultural systems, for benefit of Vietnam. Any your kind cooperation would be appreciated.

Bui Chi Buu

Director General

[EBOOK] IAS RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS, DR. BUI CHI BUU ET AL., IAS (Institute of Agricultural Science for Southern Vietnam)

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