Many kinds of soilless culture techniques for the production of vegetable crops have been established in Japan (Ikeda, 1994, 1995), as in other countries (Adams, 1990; Cooper, 1979; Hitchon et al., 1990; Imai, 1987; Koontz et al., 1990; Kratky et al., 1988). Almost every system use an electric
pump for supplying the nutrient solution and/or air to plants. In most hydroponic systems, the pH, concentration, elemental composition, aeration and flow rate of the nutrient solution have to be controlled during growth periods. Those management practices are, however, fairly difficult and troublesome for growers to maintain.
pump for supplying the nutrient solution and/or air to plants. In most hydroponic systems, the pH, concentration, elemental composition, aeration and flow rate of the nutrient solution have to be controlled during growth periods. Those management practices are, however, fairly difficult and troublesome for growers to maintain.
Recently, a new concept for a hydroponic system called "Passive hydroponics" was adapted by Ono (1988) in Japan. This growing system was originally started in the U.S.A. as a Skaife Truck Farm (Jones, 1983). In this system, once plants absorb nutrient solution, the water surface decreases, and naked roots with fine root hairs develop in the air above the water surface. Thus, the roots can absorb oxygen directly from the air. Electric pumps are not necessary, but before planting, the nutrient solution required for one crop must be prepared in an underground reservoir. Then after planting, such care as control of pH, electric conductivity (EC) and mineral composition of the solution, aeration, renewal of the solution, etc. is not required until harvest. However, for this hydroponic system, the proper growing conditions for each crop, that is, optimum nutrient concentration and composition and pH of the nutrient solution, have not yet been studied.
In this experiment, melon plants were grown by passive hydroponics; the effects of the initial concentration of the nutrient solution on the growth of plants, yield and quality of fruit, and absorption of water and minerals by the plants were investigated.
[EBOOK] A Study on a Simple Passive Hydroponic System for Melon Production, Hideo Ikeda, Keiko Tagami and Naoya Fukuda, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
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