Three of the biggest challenges of the twenty-first century are the need to nearly double food production by 2050, to adapt and build resilience to a more and more challenging climatic environment, and to simultaneously achieve a substantial reduction in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The surge of interest in climate-smart agriculture, which focuses on solutions to the three challenges, has sparked curiosity in using biochar as a tool to fight climate change while also improving soil fertility. Biochar systems are particularly relevant in developing country' contexts and could be leveraged to address global challenges associated with food production and climate change. However the potential effects of biochar application to soils are diverse and its climate impact is contingent on the design of the system into which it is integrated. 'Hius biochar systems are inherently complex and further research is needed to understand their associated opportunities and risks in developing countries.
There are a number of reasons why biochar systems might be particularly relevant in developing-country contexts. The potential for biochar to improve soil fertility' could result in increased crop yields from previously degraded soils for smallholder farmers. Improved cookstoves that produce biochar as well as heat for cooking could reduce indoor aữ pollution and time spent on fuel gathering. Both of these results could be beneficial to forests. Enhanced food production capacity could potentially decrease the need to clear more forested land for agriculture, and more efficient cookstoves could decrease wood gathering from forests already in decline. It is vital that further research is undertaken to fill the gaps in our knowledge of biochar systems.
This report offers a review of what is known about opportunities and risks of biochar systems including soil and agricultural impacts, climate change impacts, social impacts, and competing uses of biomass. The report benefited from its wide-ranging methodology including a desk review of existing literature; a two-step survey of biochar systems that elicited 154 responses to the initial survey, and 48 responses on the follow-up survey to learn more about the social and cultural barriers to biochar adoption; an expert workshop in Washington, DC to assist in analysis of the collected data; development of a typology of biochar systems; and a life-cycle assessment of selected systems in Kenya, Vietnam, and Senegal.
There are a number of reasons why biochar systems might be particularly relevant in developing-country contexts. The potential for biochar to improve soil fertility' could result in increased crop yields from previously degraded soils for smallholder farmers. Improved cookstoves that produce biochar as well as heat for cooking could reduce indoor aữ pollution and time spent on fuel gathering. Both of these results could be beneficial to forests. Enhanced food production capacity could potentially decrease the need to clear more forested land for agriculture, and more efficient cookstoves could decrease wood gathering from forests already in decline. It is vital that further research is undertaken to fill the gaps in our knowledge of biochar systems.
This report offers a review of what is known about opportunities and risks of biochar systems including soil and agricultural impacts, climate change impacts, social impacts, and competing uses of biomass. The report benefited from its wide-ranging methodology including a desk review of existing literature; a two-step survey of biochar systems that elicited 154 responses to the initial survey, and 48 responses on the follow-up survey to learn more about the social and cultural barriers to biochar adoption; an expert workshop in Washington, DC to assist in analysis of the collected data; development of a typology of biochar systems; and a life-cycle assessment of selected systems in Kenya, Vietnam, and Senegal.
[EBOOK] Biochar Systems for Smallholders in Developing Countries (Leveraging Current Knowledge and Exploring Future Potential for Climate-Smart Agriculture), Sebastian M. Scholz et al., Published by THE WORLD BANK
Keyword: ebook, giáo trình, Biochar Systems for Smallholders in Developing Countries, biochar, biochar systems, Leveraging Current Knowledge and Exploring Future Potential for Climate-Smart Agriculture, than hoạt tính, than sinh học, sản xuất than sinh học quy mô hộ gia đình, Hệ thống than sinh học cho các hộ sản xuất nhỏ ở các nước đang phát triển, Tận dụng kiến thức hiện tại và khám phá tiềm năng tương lai cho nông nghiệp khi hậu thông minh
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